Elasticsearch is a distributed, open-source search and analytics engine designed for horizontal scalability and real-time search capabilities. It excels at full-text search, structured search, and analytics, making it ideal for a wide range of use cases such as log and event data analysis, monitoring, and business intelligence.

MariaDB is a free and open-source relational database management system, known for its compatibility with MySQL and focus on performance, stability, and ease of use. It offers a robust alternative with enhanced features and security.

MongoDB is a popular open-source NoSQL database known for its high performance, flexibility, and scalability. It stores data in JSON-like documents, making it easy to manage and query complex data structures.

PostgreSQL®, commonly known as Postgres, is a free and open-source relational database management system that emphasizes extensibility and SQL compliance.

Redis is an open-source, in-memory data structure store used as a database, cache, and message broker. It supports various data structures such as strings, hashes, lists, sets, and more, providing high performance and flexibility for diverse applications.

MySQL is an open-source, object-relational database designed for speed and reliability. Its extensive and active developer community has developed numerous third-party applications, tools, and libraries that enhance MySQL’s functionality.